How Rising Unemployment Can Derail Your FIRE Plan

No, market returns aren’t the only thing, your job security matters, a lot

Look, I love talking about market returns as much as the next Wall Street lifer, but the thing most FIRE plans gloss over is brutally simple: your timeline lives or dies on whether you keep getting a paycheck. Not just the S&P’s next 10% swing. When unemployment rises, it messes with your savings rate, your contribution schedule, and the sequence of cash flows you need before you retire, and sometimes after if you’re easing into part-time work. That’s not theory; that’s cash hitting (or not hitting) your checking account.

Here’s the thing: last year, the U.S. unemployment rate rose to around 4.1% by late 2024 according to BLS data. And this year, 2025, has been choppier. We’ve seen periodic increases in continuing claims, and hiring has been stop-and-go as companies sandbag budgets while watching margins and wage pressures. So, your FIRE math isn’t just about a 5% real return assumption. It’s about whether you can keep contributing, or if you need to pause contributions, sell shares at a bad time, or draw down cash earlier than planned because a job search takes 4 months instead of 4 weeks.

And, honestly, I wasn’t sure about this either early in my career. I used to model FIRE with clean, monthly contributions like clockwork. Then 2008 happened, actually, let me rephrase that, then reality happened. Contributions get interrupted. Side gigs dry up. COBRA shows up. The sequence risk everyone worries about in markets? There’s a parallel version in your earnings stream: if income disappears right before your planned date, your drawdown sequence starts earlier, while your portfolio is smaller. That hurts, even in a flat market.

Income loss timing matters more than you think. Markets can recover on their own; missing 6-12 months of contributions doesn’t.

As I mentioned earlier, the labor backdrop this year is wobbly. Some sectors are still hiring, but slower. Others are in wait-and-see mode, like, really, until they get clarity on demand into Q4. That wobble makes your FIRE date a moving target.

• What you’ll learn here:
• Why rising unemployment hits FIRE through income loss timing, not just portfolio returns.
• How the late-2024 rise to ~4.1% unemployment (BLS) and this year’s choppier continuing claims shape savings rates and contribution gaps.
• How to translate job risk into a cash runway, what spending flexibility really buys you, and how a realistic job search timeline changes your date.
• Ways to re-sequence contributions and buffers so a layoff doesn’t force selling at the worst time.

So basically, if your spreadsheet treats income as guaranteed until your FIRE day, it’s lying to you. And if your plan doesn’t map a 3-9 month search window, you’re betting on luck. The market might cooperate, or it might not; the bigger risk is a pause in contributions right when compounding is doing the heavy lifting. I’ve seen people with “enough” get derailed by one poorly-timed layoff and a stubborn job market. You can fix that with better buffers, staggered risk, and a few unsexy tactics we’ll cover, anyway, that’s the stuff that actually moves the needle… but that’s just my take on it.

When paychecks pause: translating a layoff into FIRE math

So, here’s the thing: a layoff doesn’t just dent your confidence; it ripples through your numbers in a way your spreadsheet probably isn’t capturing. Savings rate drops to zero, contributions pause, and if the gap runs longer, withdrawals might start early, often right when markets are wobbly. That combo is what moves your FIRE date, not just the headline unemployment rate you see on TV.

Savings rate sensitivity. If you’re saving 40-60% of income during normal times, a 6-9 month income gap can erase 12-18 months of FIRE progress. Why? Two hits at once: you stop contributing and you may have to fund living costs from somewhere. Quick, real numbers: say you make $120k, save 50% ($5k/month to investments), and spend $5k. A 6-month gap means $30k of missed contributions. If you also need to pull $15-30k from cash or taxable to cover expenses, that’s $45-60k that isn’t compounding. At a 7% long term return, that’s like losing a year to a year and a half of steady progress. If markets drop during that window, the effective setback can feel even bigger, because the “buy low” contributions never arrive.

Sequence-of-earnings risk isn’t just a retirement issue; there’s sequence-of-earnings during accumulation too. Early-career layoffs hurt compounding because missed dollars would have grown the longest. $30k not invested at age 28 at 7% for 25 years can end up around $163k by your mid-50s. Late-career layoffs are different; the risk isn’t compounding lost, it’s early drawdowns that pull principal before you’re ready, which can shave years off portfolio longevity if you sell into weakness. Different stage, different pain.

Rule of thumb I use: every month your savings rate drops to zero during working years usually costs you 2-3 months of future FIRE runway, because you lose the contribution and the compounding on it. It’s not perfect, but it’s a decent planning anchor.

What the labor market is doing right now. The risk isn’t hypothetical. Earlier this year, job openings cooled and re-hiring stretched out. BLS data in 2024 showed the median unemployment duration around 9 weeks while the average sat closer to 20 weeks (the average is higher because long spells drag it up). JOLTS also showed the openings-to-unemployed ratio moved down from roughly ~2.0 in 2022 toward about ~1.4 in 2024, meaning fewer options per job seeker. In practical terms: 6-month gaps aren’t rare, especially in cyclical or tech roles. And 2025’s cooling, you can feel it in continuing claims, means search timelines are, well, sticky.

Tactical order of operations during a gap, you want to minimize taxes, penalties, and damage to compounding. Simple to say, a bit annoying to execute:

1. Cash (high-yield savings, I-bond redemptions after 12 months, CDs maturing). Keep the lights on without selling risk assets. Yes, cash “drags,” but during a layoff it’s oxygen.
2. Taxable brokerage next. Harvest losses where available; realize gains up to the 0%/15% bracket thresholds. Keep your asset allocation roughly intact, sell across positions, not just your winners.
3. Roth contributions (basis). You can withdraw your contributions (not earnings) tax- and penalty-free. This is a flexible buffer; treat it like a pressure valve you prefer not to open unless needed.
4. Last resort: tax-advantaged (401(k)/traditional IRA). If absolutely necessary, consider §72(t) SEPPs or the 55-rule if you seperated after age 55, but these are restrictive. Penalties and lost shelter are real costs, not theoretical.

Mapping to months-to-FIRE. Say you’re 36 months from your target with a $900k portfolio, adding $60k/year. A 9-month layoff means no $45k contribution, plus $30-45k of spending covered from buffers. If markets are flat, your date can slide to ~48-52 months. If the market drops 10% during the gap and you can’t buy the dip (because you’re not contributing), you might be looking at ~54 months. It’s a double whammy: fewer dollars and worse timing. Honestly, it’s annoying because it feels avoidable, and it sort of is with buffers.

Portfolio longevity. Early drawdowns shorten the fuse. If your SWR model was 3.8% on a $1.2m target, being forced to pull $40k one year early is like pre-spending a full year of withdrawals; the portfolio may “recieve” that hit and recover, but repeated hits, two layoffs a few years apart, turn a safe-looking 3.8% into something closer to 3.4-3.5% unless markets bail you out. I’ve watched clients who were fine on paper end up tight, just because the cash ladder was too thin and taxable was too concentrated. This actually reminds me of a 2015 case where a pharma downsizing ran longer than expected and the family’s Roth basis literally saved their timeline; not ideal, but it worked.

Look, the plan isn’t to predict the layoff. The plan is to absorb a 6-9 month pause without selling at bad prices, without nuking tax shelters, and without pretending it won’t happen. That’s the job. It’s boring, and repetitive, and annoying, and occassionally over-cautious, but it keeps the date from drifting.

The three levers you can actually pull: spend, save buffer, and risk

So, here’s the thing: when layoff risk ticks up, you don’t guess the future, you buy time. Time comes from cash and flexible spending, not bravado. I keep repeating this because, you know, it’s boring but it’s the job.

Runway (cash/T‑bills). The new baseline I’m using with clients this year is 9-12 months of core expenses in cash or 3-6 month T‑bills when layoff odds feel elevated; dual‑income households with truly independent jobs can target 6-9 months. Why that much? Because job searches don’t move on your schedule. In 2024, the U.S. median unemployment duration hovered around 9 weeks, but a meaningful tail stretched longer: about 18% of unemployed people were out 27+ weeks at points in 2024 (BLS). A six‑month buffer covers the median with room; nine to twelve months covers the tail without sweat. And the carry isn’t terrible: 3-6 month T‑bills yielded roughly 5% for much of 2024-2025 (U.S. Treasury data), which softens the opportunity cost. With mortgage rates still around the high‑6% to ~7% range this year, liquidity you can actually reach matters.

Variable spending rules. Pre‑commit, on paper, today, to cut 10-20% of discretionary spend during unemployment. Don’t negotiate with yourself mid‑panic. Make a list now: dining out, travel, subscriptions, kids’ enrichment extras, the convenience stuff that creeps. Then write a rule like: “If a paycheck stops, we instantly freeze $X and shift to the ‘B’ budget.” This is how you avoid tapping Roth basis or 401(k) loans unless it’s truly necessary. I watched a family last year move from a $8,000 monthly spend to $6,600 for four months, annoying, but it avoided realizing gains and kept their health insurance COBRA paid. Honestly, it ain’t heroic; it’s just disciplined triage.

Allocation tweaks (without panic). Keep risk policy‑driven. That means rebalancing, not fear‑selling after a bad headline. Set bands (say ±20% on equities relative to target) and let the math tell you when to act. Hold 6-12 months of cash equivalents outside equities for both liquidity and psychology. That way a red week on the S&P doesn’t force you to sell shares to pay rent. If you’re mid‑layoff, pause new risky buys, keep contributing to the cash bucket, and rebalance with dividends/interest before selling. I’m still figuring this out myself for one case with concentrated RSUs… but the pattern holds.

How to wire it together (and yes, this might be getting complicated):

• Bucket 1 (Months 0-6): checking + high‑yield savings. Autopay core bills here.
• Bucket 2 (Months 7-12): 3-6 month T‑bills, laddered monthly. Roll maturities unless unemployed.
• Bucket 3 (Risk): your policy portfolio. Rebalance on bands; harvest losses when available; don’t de‑risk reactively.

Anyway, the sequence is simple even if the feelings aren’t: build the runway, pre‑cut the wants, keep the risk rules. If unemployment rises again, you’ve seen the headlines, it’s the difference between waiting calmly and selling a great asset on a bad day. And if it all feels like overkill… that’s the point. You want to be bored when the economy isn’t.

Quick data notes: BLS reported a median unemployment duration around 9 weeks in 2024, with a meaningful share (roughly 18%) unemployed 27 weeks or more. Short T‑bill yields sat near ~5% across much of 2024-2025 per Treasury auction results. Not perfect predictors, but solid guardrails.

Taxes and benefits detour: unemployment changes your take-home reality

Taxes and benefits detour: unemployment changes your take‑home reality

Look, losing a paycheck is only half the story. The other half is what happens to taxes, health coverage, and the benefits you were barely thinking about when things were steady. And it all hits cash flow right when you want fewer surprises, not more. Quick reminder from earlier: the median unemployment spell ran ~9 weeks in 2024 per BLS, with about 18% lasting 27+ weeks. That’s long enough for the benefits math to really matter.

• UI is taxable (federally): Unemployment Insurance counts as taxable income at the federal level. You can request 10% withholding with Form W‑4V so you don’t get a tax bill you didn’t budget for next April. States vary, some tax UI, some exclude part or all, so check your state’s rules before you start spending what you might owe. I’ve seen people skip withholding to preserve cash and then, you know, regret it when the 1099‑G shows up.
• COBRA timelines and price shock: You generally have 60 days to elect COBRA after losing coverage, and after you elect, you have 45 days to make the first payment. Coverage is retroactive to keep you whole, but the premiums can feel like a mortgage. Expect to pay 100% of the employer cost plus a 2% admin fee (up to 102%), which is why it stings, because you’re now seeing the full load your employer used to cover. No more pandemic-era deadline extensions; we’re back to standard clocks in 2025. Don’t wait until day 59 to compare alternatives.
• ACA marketplace: income drop can help: If COBRA is too pricey, check the ACA marketplace. Premium tax credits are based on household MAGI, and the American Rescue Plan/Inflation Reduction Act enhancements are still in place for 2025, meaning the old 400% FPL cliff is suspended this year, and premiums are capped on a sliding scale tied to income. Translation: lower income this year can mean bigger subsidies and sometimes a near-zero bronze plan. But watch the trade-offs: silver plans usually have better cost-sharing reductions at lower incomes; bronze can be cheap but thin. Open Enrollment starts Nov 1, but job loss triggers a Special Enrollment Period, so you can switch now rather than wait.
• Roth conversions in low-income years: This is the nerdy but powerful one. A layoff year can be a good window to convert traditional IRA money to Roth at a lower marginal rate. Actually, let me rephrase that: it can be very good, if you don’t blow up your ACA subsidy by inflating MAGI. The premium credit phases with income (no hard 400% cliff in 2025), but key cliffs still exist around Medicaid eligibility and cost-sharing reductions. Model it both ways: a $10k-$30k conversion might cost you thousands in lost subsidies, or it might be a sweet spot. Run the math before you push the button.
• HSAs are a relief valve: Health Savings Accounts can pay COBRA premiums, yes, premiums, and out-of-pocket medical costs tax-free. That’s huge when cash is tight. For 2025, IRS HSA contribution limits rose to $4,300 self-only and $8,550 family (plus $1,000 catch-up if you’re 55+). If you already have an HSA stash, it’s basically a pre-tax emergency fund for healthcare. I’ve tapped mine during a gap year before; not ideal, but it beat carrying a balance on a 22% APR card.

Practical sequencing

1. Decide on COBRA vs. ACA within the election window; compare the net cost after any subsidies, not just sticker price.
2. Set UI withholding to 10% (W‑4V) if you can stomach the smaller checks; if not, at least earmark a slice in a separate “IRS” sub-account.
3. Run a MAGI forecast before any Roth conversion. The thing is, tax savings are great until they erase your premium credit, they’re great until they erase it.
4. Use HSA dollars for COBRA or marketplace cost sharing. Preserve taxable cash for rent and groceries.

Anyway, keep the market context in your head while you do this. Short T‑bills are still hovering around ~5% earlier this year per Treasury auction prints, so parking your tax set-asides and COBRA reserve in 4-13 week bills can add a little yield while you wait. Small win, but in a layoff month, small wins add up. This actually reminds me of a client in 2020 who saved their ACA subsidy by trimming a Roth conversion by just $2,500, tiny tweak, real dollars. Same playbook still works in 2025, just mind the MAGI math and the 60‑day COBRA clock.

Model it like a pro: stress-tests for 2025-style volatility

Model it like a pro: stress-tests for 2025‑style volatility

Here’s the thing: uncertainty is normal, but un-modeled uncertainty is what blows up a FIRE plan. So, turn unknowns into scenarios and make them do pushups.

• Scenario set: Build four unemployment shocks that can hit anytime in the next 24 months: 0, 6, 9, and 12 months. The 0 is your base case. The others are your reality checks. The Bureau of Labor Statistics reported in 2024 that the median unemployment duration was roughly 9 weeks while the average sat around 20-21 weeks, which tells you tails matter, some folks are out much longer. That’s why the 9 and 12‑month shocks belong in your set, even if they feel “too conservative.”
• Repeat shock odds: If your industry is cyclical (think construction, ad‑tech, logistics), assume a 15-25% chance of a repeat layoff over a 5‑year window. That sounds annoying, I know. But it’s realistic when orders dry up. I’ve watched this movie in 2001, 2009, and again in 2020.
• Dual‑income planning: If both of you work in the same sector, model correlated risk, meaning a decent chance both incomes go down together. If you’re in different sectors, stagger the shocks by 3-6 months. I started to write “cross‑sectional autocorrelation” (jargon alert), but really I just mean your job risks move together if your companies depend on the same cycle.
• Portfolio stress: Pair each unemployment shock with a 20-30% equity drawdown to capture sequence risk. We’ve seen worse: the S&P 500 fell about 34% peak‑to‑trough in Feb-Mar 2020, and calendar‑year 2022 finished around −19% for the S&P 500 with 60/40 allocations suffering their worst year since the 1930s. You don’t need a 50% hit in your base stress, but 20-30% is absolutely fair for a bad stretch.
• Bridge income: Starting in month 3 of any layoff, add part‑time or contract income at 25-50% of prior pay. Does that sound optimistic? Maybe. But I’ve seen people piece together tutoring, consulting, and shift work faster than they thought, especially when cash pressure is real. The model will show you how even modest side income stabilizes the runway.

How to run it (no fancy software required):

1. Make a 24‑month month‑by‑month cashflow with rent/mortgage, insurance, COBRA/ACA, debt, and groceries separated. Keep T‑bill interest as a line, earlier this year, 4-13 week Treasuries were near ~5% per auction prints, which still matters after tax.
2. For each shock length, set job‑search probabilities by month. Example: months 1-2 = near 0% re‑employment (you’re regrouping), months 3-6 = 10-20% per month, months 7-12 = 15-25% per month. This matches the BLS 2024 duration skew, short spells are common, but long spells occur enough to hurt.
3. Overlay a 20-30% equity drawdown over the first 6-9 months and assume dividends keep coming but maybe at a 10% haircut. Rebalance rules? Keep them simple. Actually, let me rephrase that: don’t get cute; just document when you sell to fund expenses.
4. Add bridge income at 25-50% starting month 3. If you hate that assumption, run a second set with 0% bridge to see the difference.

Success metric: What % of simulations still hit your FIRE date within ±12 months? If it’s under 70%, you need a bigger cash buffer, lower burn, or some flexibility on spending or part‑time work.

Look, I get it, this feels like overkill. But ask yourself: would you rather discover the gap now or in the middle of a 9‑month search during a 25% drawdown? Exactly. I’m still figuring this out myself on my own plan, and yeah, occassionally I over‑stress it. But every time I add bridge income and trim discretionary spend by 10-15% during the shock window, the FIRE timeline snaps back closer to target. Not perfect, just resilient.

Okay, so what should you do this year? A 90-day playbook if layoffs hit

Okay, so what should you do this year? A 90‑day playbook if layoffs hit

Here’s the thing: you don’t control the layoff memo or the market tape. You do control your cash runway and the order you tap accounts. And with hiring still uneven in pockets of tech and media this year, you want redundancy. For context, the Bureau of Labor Statistics reported the median unemployment duration was ~9-10 weeks in 2024, while the average was near 20 weeks because long searches pull the average up. That’s the math behind a 6-12 month cash buffer, most spells are shorter, but you plan for the tail.

• Today (as in…today): Move 6-12 months of core expenses into a high‑yield savings account or 3-6 month T‑bills. HYSA yields are still competitive this year, and short T‑bills have been hovering in the mid‑4% range lately, good enough for ballast. Pre‑cut 10% from discretionary now, streaming bundles, travel upgrades, random Amazon drift. Why now? Because you’ll refill cash faster while you still have income. If the layoff never comes, fine; you’ve got a bigger buffer.
• This week: Freeze big fixed‑cost decisions, new car, kitchen refresh, that membership that becomes a second mortgage. Lock in your resume/LinkedIn refresh, line up three references, and prep two contract/1099 income options you can flip on within 30 days. Tutoring, project FP&A, fractional ops, whatever is credible. It doesn’t need to be perfect, just viable.
• This month: Re‑run your plan with a 9‑month unemployment shock and a 25% market drop beginning month 2. It’s not pessimism; it’s guardrails. Set written rules for withdrawal order: cash → taxable with loss harvesting → old HSA for eligible expenses → 72(t)/Roth contributions if needed → tax‑deferred last. Keep it simple and, you know, actually write it down. I keep mine on one page in my notes app because if it’s longer than that, I won’t follow it when I’m stressed.
• If you’re laid off: File unemployment insurance (UI) immediately. Replacement rates vary by state, but they typically cover about 40-50% of prior wages up to caps. Evaluate COBRA vs. ACA within the 60‑day election window. If your income drops, ACA plans can be meaningfully cheaper with subsidies, run the math. Adjust your tax withholding on any new income or severance so you don’t under‑withhold. And schedule a Roth conversion check if your MAGI drops this year; bear markets plus lower income can make conversions unusually attractive. I’ve had clients who only do conversions during job gaps, it’s not fun, but the tax math can be stellar.
• Quarterly (set a calendar ping): Rebalance back to targets, refill cash to your 6-12 month mark, and revisit your job‑market assumptions. If hiring improves, you can dial the buffer down to 6-9 months; if postings stall or interviews slow, extend to 12+ months. Small, steady tweaks beat big heroic moves.

Look, I get it, cutting spend now feels premature. But the BLS data from last year says the average search can stretch to roughly 5 months for a meaningful minority of people, even when the median is only a couple of months. That asymmetry is exactly why a year of runway isn’t crazy. Anyway, the market’s been choppy this year around rate‑cut odds and earnings revisions, so sequence risk is not theoretical. Earlier this year I personally paused a car upgrade, annoying, but it kept my buffer intact, and I slept better, which matters.

Success looks boring: cash set aside, spending trimmed, income options queued, and a written order of operations. You might repeat that to yourself twice because it’s the whole point. If conditions brighten later this year, great, you release the pressure. If they wobble, you’re already set, not scrambling.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: How do I protect my FIRE plan if layoffs hit my industry this year?

A: Quick tip: hold 9-12 months of core expenses in cash/T‑bills, auto‑pause contributions (don’t auto‑sell), keep 2-3 months of expenses in a high‑yield checking as your “buffer,” pre-shop health coverage (COBRA vs ACA), and keep a weekly job-search cadence. Treat severance like a runway, not lottery money.

Q: What’s the difference between a market drawdown and an income interruption for my FIRE timeline?

A: Look, markets go down and back up without asking you. Income interruptions are different because they stop the cash you need to buy dips and hit your target date. A 20% market drop hurts, sure, but if you’re still contributing, you’re buying cheaper shares. Lose income for 6-9 months and your savings rate drops to zero, maybe negative if you’re selling to cover rent and COBRA. That creates an “earnings sequence risk”: your drawdown starts earlier while your portfolio is smaller. Markets can recover on their own timeline; missed contributions don’t magically catch up. Practically, you’ll need a bigger cash buffer, a T‑bill ladder for 6-12 months of expenses, and rules like: pause investing, cut burn 10-20%, and only sell long‑term taxable lots (ideally losses) if the gap goes past your cash runway. It’s unsexy defense, but it works.

Q: Is it better to pause investing or sell some holdings if I lose my job during 2025?

A: Generally, pause new investing first to preserve cash. Don’t auto‑sell unless your runway is <6 months. Sequence it: 1) use checking/savings, 2) redeem short‑term T‑bills/CDs, 3) sell taxable positions with losses or low gains (harvest losses), 4) only then touch high‑gain positions. Keep tax in mind: if your 2025 income is low, you might be in the 0% long‑term capital gains bracket (still watch state taxes). Avoid 401(k) hardship withdrawals, they trigger taxes/penalties and shrink future compounding. If eligible, shift to ACA with potential premium credits; COBRA buys time but can be pricey. Cut fixed costs (rent negotiation, insurance deductibles, subscriptions) before selling. Keep contributing to HSA only if you still have HDHP; otherwise, conserve cash. When you’re re-employed, set a catch‑up plan: auto‑increase contributions to backfill missed months over 6-12 months.

Q: Should I worry about unemployment creeping up to ~4-5%, how do I adjust my FIRE math?

A: Here’s the thing: last year the U.S. unemployment rate reached ~4.1% by late 2024 (BLS), and 2025’s been choppier. You don’t need panic, you need a playbook. Start by stress‑testing your plan with income gaps. Example: You’re saving $2,000/month with a goal in 6 years. If you’re laid off and miss 6 months, that’s $12,000 not invested. At a 5% real return, 6 years later that shortfall is roughly $13,800-$14,200. Miss 12 months and you’re ~$28k behind. Over longer horizons (15-20 years), the compounding gap gets meaningfully bigger, think $20k missed today growing to ~$40k-$55k later. Action plan: 1) Run scenarios with a 4-9 month job search every 5 years at, say, a 20-30% probability. 2) Build a 9-12 month cash/T‑bill ladder (monthly maturities) for core expenses; this lets you avoid selling risk assets at bad times. 3) Add a “bridge year” option: part‑time income covering 30-50% of expenses can reduce your required portfolio by 10-15% and delay withdrawals. 4) Re‑improve your safe withdrawal: if unemployment rises, assume a tighter first‑3‑years rate (e.g., 3.5% vs 4%) and step up later. 5) Rebalance rules: only sell equities when your cash runway is under 6 months; otherwise, keep contributions paused and expenses trimmed. And, yes, pre‑shop health insurance, ACA vs COBRA, so you don’t overpay. I learned this the hard way in 2008 when contributions didn’t arrive like clockwork. Markets can recover; contributions you don’t make never do. Treat income risk like market risk and you won’t be scrambling to catch up.

@article{how-rising-unemployment-can-derail-your-fire-plan,
    title   = {How Rising Unemployment Can Derail Your FIRE Plan},
    author  = {Beeri Sparks},
    year    = {2025},
    journal = {Bankpointe},
    url     = {https://bankpointe.com/articles/unemployment-fire-timeline-impact/}
}